Stem cells

Stem cells

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  STEM CELLS -What arestem cells? -Types of stem cells. -Using stem cells in the medicine.
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  WHAT ARE STEMCELLS? Stem cells are a class of undifferentiated cells that are able to differentiate into specialized cell types.
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  TYPES OF STEMCELLS. Commonly, stem cells come from two main sources: 1- Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of embryological development (embryonic stem cells). 2- Adult tissue (adult stem cells).
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  EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS Embryonicstem cells are derived from a four- or five-day-old human embryo that is in the blastocyst phase of development. The embryos are usually extras that have been created in IVF (in vitro fertilization) clinics where several eggs are fertilized in a test tube.
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  Sexual reproduction beginswhen a male's sperm fertilizes a female's ovum to form a zygote. The single zygote cell then begins a series of divisions, forming 2, 4, 8, 16 cells, etc. After four to six days - before implantation in the uterus - this mass of cells is called a blastocyst. The blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass (embryoblast) and an outer cell mass (trophoblast). The outer cell mass becomes part of the placenta, and the inner cell mass is the group of cells that will differentiate to become all the structures of an adult organism.This latter mass is the source of embryonic stem cells - totipotent cells (cells with total potential to develop into any cell in the body)
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  ADULT STEM CELLS Adultor somatic stem cells exist throughout the body after embryonic development and are found inside of different types of tissue. These stem cells have been found in tissues such as the brain, bone marrow, blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscles, skin, and the liver.
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  USING STEM CELLSIN THE MEDICINE Stem cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. Bone marrow transplant is the most widely used stem cell therapy, but some therapies derived from umbilical cord blood are also in use. For over 30 years, bone-marrow have been used to treat cancer patients with conditions such as leukaemia and lymphoma. Many diseases are caused by a problem with one particular cell type. These are the diseases that are current or potential targets for stem cell therapy. Embryonic stem cells can become any type of specialized cells so we may use them to treat many diseases.
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  GOOD BYE  Group6 Mohamed Salah Ismail Mohamed Ahmed Elwan Abdul Fattah Abo Hamad Elsyaed Ahmed Elsayed Amro Elsayed Abdul Hady