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Gjerdingenite-Fe

A valid IMA mineral species
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05686550017271929753672.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
06822050017271929783376.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe, etc.

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
05882060017271929803081.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
05686550017271929753672.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
06822050017271929783376.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe, etc.

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
05882060017271929803081.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
05686550017271929753672.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
06822050017271929783376.jpg
Gjerdingenite-Fe, etc.

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
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About Gjerdingenite-FeHide

05510200017271929822605.jpg
The Gjerdingen locality

Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
Formula:
K2Fe2+(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2O
Colour:
pale yellow to orange yellow or brownish yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous, Waxy
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
2.82
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
For the type locality and the dominant Fe at a lattice position, according to the labuntsovite nomenclature.
The Fe analogue of Gjerdingenite-Mn.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
11458
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:11458:5

IMA Classification of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Classification of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.CE.30c

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
E : [Si4O12]8- 4-membered single rings (vierer-Einfachringe), without insular complex anions

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
Gje-FeIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Lustre:
Vitreous, Waxy
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
pale yellow to orange yellow or brownish yellow
Streak:
White to faintly yellow
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.82(2) g/cm3 (Measured)    2.830 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.6676(2) nβ = 1.7001(4) nγ = 1.794(1)
2V:
Measured: 58.5° , Calculated: 63.7°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.126
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Moderate
Optical Extinction:
Y = b
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Mindat Formula:
K2Fe2+(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O42.286 %
Nb28.888 %
Si17.466 %
K6.079 %
Fe4.341 %
H0.940 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Fe, H, K, Nb, O, Si, Ti - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Mn

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:
 1
Na2O0.69 %
K2O6.03 %
CaO0.05 %
MnO2.90 %
FeO4.31 %
Al2O30.37 %
SiO236.00 %
TiO29.75 %
ZrO20.32 %
Nb2O523.97 %
H2On.d. %
Total:84.39 %
Sample references:
IDLocalityReferenceNotes
1Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
Raade, G.; Ferraris, G.; Gula, A.; Ivaldi, G. (2002) Gjerdingenite-Fe from Norway, a new mineral species in the labuntsovite group: description, crystal structure and twinning. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (6). 1629-1639 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.6.1629
Microprobe, average of 4 electron microprobe analyses, H2O not dermined (confirmed by IR and structure analyses)

Crystallography of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 14.529(2) Å, b = 13.943(2) Å, c = 7.837(2) Å
β = 117.61°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.042 : 1 : 0.562
Unit Cell V:
1406.8 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Pinacoids {100}, {010}, {001}, {201}, prism {021}. The crystals are flattened on {001} and elongated along [010].
Twinning:
twinned according to the (001) plane

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0005798Gjerdingenite-FeRaade G, Ferraris G, Gula A, Ivaldi G (2002) Gjerdingenite-Fe from Norway, a new mineral species in the labuntsovite group: Description, crystal structure and twinning The Canadian Mineralogist 40 1629-16392002Norway0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Epitaxial Minerals:
'Elpidite'Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
'Hydrokenoralstonite' Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Epitaxy Comments:
May form epitaxic overgrowth on elpidite; Coating of microcrystalline hydrokenoralstonite may occur.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks

Type Occurrence of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic to lath-shaped crystals up to 1 mm in length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geological Museum, University of Oslo, Norway (cat. nr 33712, 33713 and 33715).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In miarolitic cavities in a permian sodic granite (ekerite).
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
AegirineAlbiteElpiditeGagarinite-(Y)Gearksutite
HydrokenoralstoniteKupletskiteLorenzeniteMolybdeniteMonazite-(Ce)
OrthoclasePyrochlore GroupQuartz
Reference:
Raade, G.; Ferraris, G.; Gula, A.; Ivaldi, G. (2002) Gjerdingenite-Fe from Norway, a new mineral species in the labuntsovite group: description, crystal structure and twinning. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (6). 1629-1639 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.6.1629

Synonyms of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Other Language Names for Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Simplified Chinese:耶尔丁根石
Traditional Chinese:耶爾丁根石

Relationship of Gjerdingenite-Fe to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Kuzmenkoite Group > Labuntsovite Supergroup
Other Members of Kuzmenkoite Group:
Burovaite-Ca(Na,K)4Ca2(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(OH,O)8 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
Gjerdingenite-CaK2Ca(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
Gjerdingenite-MnK2Mn2+(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
Gjerdingenite-NaK2Na(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
Karupmøllerite-Ca(Na,Ca,K)2Ca(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
Kuzmenkoite-MnK2Mn2+(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4 · 5-6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
Kuzmenkoite-ZnK2Zn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4 · 6-8H2OMon. m : Bm
Lepkhenelmite-Zn(Ba,K)2Zn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 7H2OMon. m : Bm

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
3 photos of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with KupletskiteK2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
2 photos of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with QuartzSiO2
2 photos of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with NarsarsukiteNa2(Ti,Fe3+)Si4(O,F)11
2 photos of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
2 photos of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
1 photo of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with Gjerdingenite-MnK2Mn2+(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2O
1 photo of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with FluoriteCaF2
1 photo of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with BrookiteTiO2
1 photo of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
1 photo of Gjerdingenite-Fe associated with LorenzeniteNa2Ti2(Si2O6)O3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.CE.Dutkevichite-(Ce)NaZnBa2Ce2Ti2Si8O26F · H2OOrth. mm2 : Ama2
9.CE.KataniteBa3NbFe3Si2O14Trig. 32 : P321
9.CE.NiobobaotiteBa4(Ti2.5Fe2+1.5)Nb4Si4O28ClTet. 4/m : I41/a
9.CE.AmaterasuiteSr4Ti6Si4O23(OH)ClOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Fddd
9.CE.SteiningeriteBa2Zr2(Si4O12)O2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mbm
9.CE.05PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.10VerplanckiteBa4Mn2+2Si4O12(OH,H2O)3Cl3Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm
9.CE.15BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4ClTet. 4/m : I41/a
9.CE.20NagashimaliteBa4(V,Ti)4B2Si8O27(O,OH)2ClOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmn
9.CE.20TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2ClxOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmn
9.CE.20TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2ClxOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.CE.25Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2OOrth.
9.CE.25Byelorussite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2MnTi2[Si4O12]2O2(F,OH) · H2OOrth. mm2 : Ama2
9.CE.25Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2OMon. 2 : B2
9.CE.25Orthojoaquinite-(La)NaBa2La2Fe2+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.CE.25StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2OMon.
9.CE.25Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2OOrth.
9.CE.25Strontio-orthojoaquinite(Na,Fe)2Sr2Ba2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2OOrth.
9.CE.30eLabuntsovite-MnNa4K4(Ba,K)2Mn2+(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · 10-12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30bTsepinite-NaNa2(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30cGjerdingenite-NaK2Na(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30hAlsakharovite-ZnNaSrKZn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 7H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30cBurovaite-Ca(Na,K)4Ca2(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(OH,O)8 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30aNenadkevichite(Na,◻)8Nb4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 8H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbam
9.CE.30bTsepinite-SrSr(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30cGjerdingenite-MnK2Mn2+(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30bParatsepinite-Na(Na,Sr,K,Ca)7(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · nH2O n ~ 8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30dLemmleinite-KK2(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2 · 4H2OOrth.
9.CE.30cKarupmøllerite-Ca(Na,Ca,K)2Ca(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30cLepkhenelmite-Zn(Ba,K)2Zn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 7H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30hGutkovaite-MnK2CaMn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 5H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30eLabuntsovite-MgNa4K4(Ba,K)2Mg(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · 10H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30eLabuntsovite-FeNa4K4(Ba,K)2Fe2+(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · 10H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30cKuzmenkoite-ZnK2Zn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4 · 6-8H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30fParalabuntsovite-MgNa8K8Mg4Ti16(Si4O12)8(OH,O)16 · 20-24H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30dLemmleinite-BaNa2K2Ba(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30gOrganovaite-MnK2Mn(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 5-7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30gOrganovaite-ZnK2Zn(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30bVuoriyarvite-KK2(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)(O,OH)2 · 4H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30a'Unnamed (Ca-Na-ordered analogue of Korobitsynite)'(Ca,Na)2(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2 · 3-4H2OOrth. 222 : P21212
9.CE.30gParakuzmenkoite-Fe(K,Ba)4Fe(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(O,OH)8 · 14H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30aKorobitsynite(Na,◻)4Ti2(Si4O12)(O,OH)2 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbam
9.CE.30cKuzmenkoite-MnK2Mn2+(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4 · 5-6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30bTsepinite-KK2(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30bParatsepinite-BaBa4(Ti,Nb)8(Si4O12)4(OH,O)8 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30hNeskevaaraite-FeK3Na2Fe2+(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 5-6 H2OMon. m : Bm
9.CE.30cGjerdingenite-CaK2Ca(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.30bTsepinite-Ca(Ca,K,Na)2-x(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CE.45'Natrokomarovite'(Na,Ca,H)2Nb2Si2O10(OH,F)2 · H2OOrth.
9.CE.45Komarovite(Ca,Mn)(Nb,Ti)2[Si2O7](O,F)3 · 3.5H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmmm

RadioactivityHide

Radioactivity:
Element % Content Activity (Bq/kg) Radiation Type
Uranium (U) 0.0000% 0 α, β, γ
Thorium (Th) 0.0000% 0 α, β, γ
Potassium (K) 6.0786% 1,884 β, γ

For comparison:

  • Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
  • Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
  • EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg

Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.

Interactive Simulator:

Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!

Activity: –

DistanceDose rateRisk
1 cm
10 cm
1 m

The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).

D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield

Fluorescence of Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Gjerdingenite-FeHide

References for Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Localities for Gjerdingenite-FeHide

Showing 1 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Norway (TL)
 
  • Akershus
    • Lunner
Raade et al. (2002)
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