登录
Denisovite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Denisovite
Formula:
K14+x(Ca,Na,Mn,Fe)48[Si60O162]F16(Ox,OH4-x) · 2H2O
Colour:
Gray with greenish tint
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
4 - 5
Specific Gravity:
2.76
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Alexander Petrovich Denisov (Александр Петрович Денисов) (06 June 1918, Chausy, Tsaritsynsky, Saratov province, Russian SFSR - 31 January 1972, Apatity, USSR), geologist with the Geological Institute, Kola Branch, Acadademy of Science, U.S.S.R. He was an expert in X-ray methods for studying minerals.
Co-Type Localities:
The currently accepted formula, K14+x(Ca,Na,Mn,Fe)48[Si60O162]F16(Ox,OH4−x)·2H2O, places the mineral among the most structurally complex ones.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1261
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1261:0
IMA Classification of Denisovite
Approved
IMA Formula:
KCa2Si3O8F
Approval year:
1982
First published:
1984
Approval history:
IMA1982-031
Classification of Denisovite
9.HA.85
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
A : With Alkali and Alkali-earth Elements
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
A : With Alkali and Alkali-earth Elements
65.2.1.7
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
2 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=3
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
2 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=3
14.6.4
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
6 : Silicates of Ca with alkali or Mg or both
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
6 : Silicates of Ca with alkali or Mg or both
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Dnv | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Denisovite
Pearly
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Gray with greenish tint
Comment:
Colorless under microscope
Hardness:
4 - 5 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Cleavage or parting observed perpendicular to elongation of crystals
Cleavage or parting observed perpendicular to elongation of crystals
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
2.76 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.81 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Denisovite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.567 nβ = 1.568 nγ = 1.576
2V:
Measured: 20° to 30°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.009
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Chemistry of Denisovite
Mindat Formula:
K14+x(Ca,Na,Mn,Fe)48[Si60O162]F16(Ox,OH4-x) · 2H2O
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Fe,Nb,Mn,Mg,Sr,Ba,Li,Rb,P
Crystallography of Denisovite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 30.92 Å, b = 7.20 Å, c = 18.27 Å
β = 95°
β = 95°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 4.294 : 1 : 2.538
Unit Cell V:
4,051.86 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
20
Morphology:
As acicular crystals, in parallel columnar aggregates, to 15 cm.
Comment:
Point Group: n.d.; Space Group: n.d.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.65 Å | (80) |
| 3.32 Å | (100) |
| 3.24 Å | (90) |
| 3.08 Å | (80) |
| 3.03 Å | (90) |
| 2.79 Å | (80) |
| 2.78 Å | (80) |
| 2.75 Å | (100) |
| 2.69 Å | (80) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Denisovite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
parallel columnar aggregates up to 10-15 cm across, consisting of acicular individuals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geology Museum, Kola Branch, Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 5774/1{2;
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, 1295/1{2; Il'menskii Preserve Museum, Miass, 5392;
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 82762, vis4773;
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1994,7..
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, 1295/1{2; Il'menskii Preserve Museum, Miass, 5392;
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 82762, vis4773;
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1994,7..
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Denisovite
Other Language Names for Denisovite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.HA. | Shinichengite | Ca5[BSi2O7(OH)2]2 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA. | Kalyuzhnyite-(Ce) | NaKCaSrCeTi(Si8O21)OF(H2O)3 |
| 9.HA. | Moragite | Ca3TiSi2(Al2Si)O14 |
| 9.HA.05 | Ertixiite | Na2Si4O9 |
| 9.HA.10 | Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA.20 | Wawayandaite | Ca6Mn2BBe9Si6O23(OH,Cl)15 |
| 9.HA.25 | Magbasite | KBaFe3+Mg7Si8O22(OH)2F6 |
| 9.HA.35 | Demagistrisite | BaCa2Mn3+4(Si3O10)(Si2O7)(OH)4 · 3H2O |
| 9.HA.37 | Donwilhelmsite | CaAl4Si2O11 |
| 9.HA.40 | Kasatkinite | Ba2Ca8B5Si8O32(OH)3 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA.40 | 'Igumnovite' | Ca3Al2[SiO4]2[◻Cl4] |
| 9.HA.42 | Paqueite | Ca3TiSi2(Al,Ti,Si)3O14 |
| 9.HA.42 | Qeltite | Ca3TiSi2(Fe3+2Si)O14 |
| 9.HA.45 | Rippite | K2(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)O(O,F) |
| 9.HA.47 | Zagamiite | CaAl2Si3.5O11 |
| 9.HA.50 | Rudenkoite | Sr3(Al3.5Si3.5)O10(OH,O)8Cl2 · H2O |
| 9.HA.50 | 'α-Carnegieite' | NaAlSiO4 |
| 9.HA.52 | 'Atheriastite' | near Ca5MgFeAl6Si8O32 · 5H2O |
| 9.HA.55 | 'Foshallasite' | Ca3[Si2O7] · 3H2O(?) |
| 9.HA.57 | 'Bhreckite' | |
| 9.HA.60 | Nagelschmidtite | Ca7(SiO4)2(PO4)2 |
| 9.HA.65 | Caryochroite | [Na(Sr0.5Ca0.5)Mg]3[Fe3+8Mn(Fe2+0.5◻0.5)]10(Ti2Si12O37)(OH)14(H2O)3 |
| 9.HA.70 | Juanite | Ca10Mg4Al2Si11O39 · 4H2O or near |
| 9.HA.75 | Tacharanite | Ca12Al2Si18O33(OH)36 |
| 9.HA.80 | Oyelite | Ca10Si8B2O29 · 12.5H2O |
| 9.HA.90 | Tiettaite | K4Na12Fe3+Si16O41(OH)4 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Denisovite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1261.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Denisovite
Localities for Denisovite
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia | |
| Konev et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
| Men´shikov (1984) +1 other reference |
| Men´shikov (1984) +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout DenisoviteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Eveslogchorr Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia