Tolovkite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Tolovkite, etc.

Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu District, Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan

Tolovkite, etc.

Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia

Tolovkite, etc.

Neiva River alluvials, Alapayevsk Urban Okrug, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia

Tolovkite, etc.

Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu District, Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan

Tolovkite, etc.

Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia

Tolovkite, etc.

Neiva River alluvials, Alapayevsk Urban Okrug, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia

Tolovkite, etc.

Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu District, Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan

Tolovkite, etc.

Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia

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About TolovkiteHide

Formula:

IrSbS

Colour:

Steel-gray

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

7½

Specific Gravity:

10.50 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Cobaltite Group

Name:

Named after its discovery locality, near the Ust'-Bel'sk Massif, Tolovka River basin, Russia.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Tolovka River placer, Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia

Cobaltite Group.

Compare UM1976-17-S:IrRhSb.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3991

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3991:4

IMA Classification of TolovkiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

Approval year:

1980

First published:

1981

Type description reference:

Razin, L.V., Rudashevskii, N.S., Sidorenko, G.A. (1981) Tolovkite, IrSbS, a new sulfoantimonide of iridium from northeastern USSR, Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 110(4): 474-480.

Classification of TolovkiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

2.EB.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.

Dana 8th ed.:

2.12.3.5

2 : SULFIDES
12 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 1:2

Hey's CIM Ref.:

3.12.65

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Tol	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of TolovkiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Steel-gray

Hardness:

7½ on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₁₀=1431 - 1703 kg/mm² - Vickers

Tenacity:

Brittle

Fracture:

Conchoidal

Density:

10.50 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of TolovkiteHide

Bireflectance:

None

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)
442nm	36.7%
468nm	39.0%
484nm	39.9%
525nm	42.0%
554nm	42.5%
586nm	42.9%
621nm	43.5%
666nm	43.8%
699nm	44.0%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 44.0%.

Colour in reflected light:

Gray with light brown tint (paler than laurite)

Chemistry of TolovkiteHide

Mindat Formula:

IrSbS

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Ir	55.547 %
Sb	35.187 %
S	9.266 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Ir, S, Sb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Pt,Os,Ni

Crystallography of TolovkiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Cell Parameters:

a = 6.027(3) Å

Unit Cell V:

218.93 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Comment:

Point Group: n.d.; Space Group: n.d.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0001275	Tolovkite	Bayliss P (1989) Crystal chemistry and crystallography of some minerals within the pyrite group American Mineralogist 74 1168-1176		1989		0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Tolovkite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Bayliss P'
_journal_name_full 'American Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 74 
_journal_year 1989
_journal_page_first 1168
_journal_page_last 1176
_publ_section_title
;
 Crystal chemistry and crystallography of some minerals within the pyrite group
;
_database_code_amcsd 0001275
_chemical_formula_sum 'Ir Sb S'
_cell_length_a 6.025
_cell_length_b 6.025
_cell_length_c 6.025
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 218.711
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn     10.509
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P c a 21'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,-y,z'
  '1/2-x,y,1/2+z'
  '-x,-y,1/2+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Ir  -0.00670   0.26120   0.00220   0.00253
Sb   0.37760   0.62760   0.37760   0.00507
S   0.62240   0.87240   0.62240   0.01013

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.49 Å	(60)
2.99 Å	(90)
2.69 Å	(60)
2.47 Å	(60)
2.126 Å	(80)
1.813 Å	(100)
1.349 Å	(60)
1.233 Å	(70)
1.146 Å	(90)
1.118 Å	(60)
1.065 Å	(90)
1.019 Å	(60)
1.005 Å	(80)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks	>3.0
37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals

Type Occurrence of TolovkiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Tolovka River placer, Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif, Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia

General Appearance of Type Material:

Intergrowths included in Os-Ir alloys, together forming angular, corroded grains 0.5-1.0 mm. The tolovkite inclusions are anhedral (18 x 18 µm) and also form aggregates with a skeletal isometric crystalline outline (up to 50 x 72 µm).

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Mining Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 72030.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Placer deposit.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Laurite

Native Osmium

Reference:

Synonyms of TolovkiteHide

IMA1980-055

Other Language Names for TolovkiteHide

Dutch:Tolovkiet

German:Tolovkit

Russian:Толовкит

Simplified Chinese:硫锑铱矿

Spanish:Tolovkita

Relationship of Tolovkite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Cobaltite Group

Other Members of Cobaltite Group:

Andrieslombaardite	RhSbS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Changchengite	IrBiS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Cobaltite	CoAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
Gersdorffite	NiAsS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Guixiangite	NiBiS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Jolliffeite	NiAsSe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Kalungaite	PdAsSe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Maslovite	PtBiTe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Mayingite	IrBiTe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Michenerite	PdBiTe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Milotaite	PdSbSe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Padmaite	PdBiSe	Iso. 432
'Platarsite'	Pt(As,S)₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Sulfopadmaite	PdBiS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
Testibiopalladite	PdSbTe	Iso.
Ullmannite	NiSbS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
'UM1991-19-Se:AsCo'	(Co,Ni)AsSe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pm3
Willyamite	CoSbS

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

4 photos of Tolovkite associated with Native Iridium	(Ir,Os,Ru)
4 photos of Tolovkite associated with Laurite	RuS₂
3 photos of Tolovkite associated with 'Iridosmine'	(Os,Ir)
2 photos of Tolovkite associated with Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
1 photo of Tolovkite associated with Erlichmanite	OsS₂
1 photo of Tolovkite associated with Native Osmium	(Os,Ir,Ru)
1 photo of Tolovkite associated with Osarsite	(Os,Ru)AsS

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.EB.	Selenolaurite	RuSe₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.	Andrieslombaardite	RhSbS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.	Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/c
2.EB.	Kanatzidisite	(SbBiS₃)₂Te₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.EB.05a	Vaesite	NiS₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Hauerite	MnS₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Laurite	RuS₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Gaotaiite	Ir₃Te₈	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Penroseite	(Ni,Co,Cu)Se₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Fukuchilite	Cu₃FeS₈	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Villamanínite	(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S₂	Tric.
2.EB.05a	Erlichmanite	OsS₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Sperrylite	PtAs₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Geversite	PtSb₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Cattierite	CoS₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Aurostibite	AuSb₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Trogtalite	CoSe₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v	'Cayeuxite'
2.EB.05a	Kruťaite	CuSe₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Pyrite	FeS₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Insizwaite	PtBi₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05b	Bambollaite	Cu(Se,Te)₂	Tet.
2.EB.05a	Dzharkenite	FeSe₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.10a	Marcasite	FeS₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10e	Paracostibite	CoSbS	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10f	Oenite	CoSbAs	Orth.
2.EB.10e	Pararammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10a	Mattagamite	CoTe₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Frohbergite	FeTe₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10d	Costibite	CoSbS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.EB.10b	Alloclasite	Co_1-xFe_xAsS	Mon. 2 : P2₁
2.EB.10c	Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.EB.10a	Petříčekite	CuSe₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Kullerudite	NiSe₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Ferroselite	FeSe₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15b	Seinäjokite	FeSb₂	Orth.
2.EB.15a	Rammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Clinosafflorite	CoAs₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.EB.15c	Paxite	CuAs₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/c
2.EB.15a	Nisbite	NiSb₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Löllingite	FeAs₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Safflorite	(Co,Ni,Fe)As₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Omeiite	OsAs₂	Orth.
2.EB.15a	Anduoite	RuAs₂	Orth.
2.EB.20	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/c
2.EB.20	Ruarsite	(Ru,Os)AsS	Mon.
2.EB.20	Osarsite	(Os,Ru)AsS	Mon.
2.EB.20	Gudmundite	FeSbS	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/c
2.EB.25	Mayingite	IrBiTe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Maslovite	PtBiTe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Paragersdorffite	Ni(As,S)₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Orthogersdorffite	NiAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
2.EB.25	Sulfopadmaite	PdBiS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Jolliffeite	NiAsSe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Cobaltite	CoAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
2.EB.25	Guixiangite	NiBiS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Testibiopalladite	PdSbTe	Iso.
2.EB.25 va	'Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite'	Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25	Kalungaite	PdAsSe	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Michenerite	PdBiTe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Gersdorffite	NiAsS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Milotaite	PdSbSe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	'Platarsite'	Pt(As,S)₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Willyamite	CoSbS
2.EB.25	Changchengite	IrBiS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Kvačekite	NiSbSe	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Krutovite	NiAs₂	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Padmaite	PdBiSe	Iso. 432
2.EB.25	Ullmannite	NiSbS	Iso. 23 : P2₁3
2.EB.25	Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.30	Urvantsevite	Pd(Bi,Pb)₂	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35	Rheniite	ReS₂	Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:

Non-Magnetic

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TolovkiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3991.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Tolovkite on Webmineral

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Look for Tolovkite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for TolovkiteHide

Reference List:

Fleischer, M., Cabri, L.J., Chao, G.Y., Mandarino, J.A., Pabst, A. (1982) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 67: 1074-1082.

Razin, L. V., Rudashevskiy, N. S., Sidorenko, G. A. (1982) Tolovkite, IrSbS, a new sulfoantimonide of iridium from the northeastern USSR. International Geology Review, 24 (7) 849-854 doi:10.1080/00206818209449625

Bayliss, Peter (1989) Crystal chemistry and crystallography of some minerals within the pyrite group. American Mineralogist, 74 (9-10) 1168-1176

Pekov, Igor V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Ocean Pictures, Moscow. 369pp.

(2005) Tolovkite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for TolovkiteHide

Showing 24 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Australia
New South Wales Kennedy Co. Fifield ⓘ Owendale Complex	Ma et al. (2023)

Canada
British Columbia Similkameen Mining Division Similkameen River ⓘ Placer Deposits	Anthony et al. (1990)
ⓘ Tulameen River	Nixon et al. (1990)
	Nixon et al. (1990)

Iran
Kerman Province Jiroft County Esfandaqeh ⓘ Sikhuran Mine	Jannessary et al. (2012)

Japan
Hokkaidō Prefecture Kamikawa Subprefecture Uryu District Uryugawa ⓘ Horokanai placer	SEM-EDS by Ming Ye
Rumoi Subprefecture Tomamae District Haboro ⓘ Ainusawa River	NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022)
Sorachi Subprefecture Ashibetsu City ⓘ Panke Horonai river	Dr Daisuke Nishio-Hamane

Norway
Trøndelag Røros ⓘ Østhammeren (Osthammeren)	Nilsson (1990) +2 other references

Russia
Buryatia Baunt District Vitim Plateau ⓘ Aunik River	Airiyants et al. (2020)
Chelyabinsk Oblast Miass River ⓘ Kialim placer	Zaykov et al. (2017)
Kamchatka Krai Koryak Okrug Ust'-Bel'skii ultrabasic Massif ⓘ Tolovka River placer (TL)	Razin et al. (1981) +2 other references
Ust-Kamchatsky District ⓘ Unspecified Pt-Au placer
Krasnoyarsk Krai Lysanskiy dunite-peridotite-gabbro complex ⓘ Sisim Placer Zone	Barkov et al. (2023)
Western Sayan range ⓘ Dunzhugur Ophiolite Massif	Kiseleva et al. (2024)
Yermakovsky District ⓘ Bolshoy Khailyk River placers	Barkov et al. (2018) +2 other references
Primorsky Krai Khanka lake ⓘ Fadeevka river placers	Shcheka et al. (2007)
Sverdlovsk Oblast Alapayevsk Urban Okrug ⓘ Neiva River alluvials	Shen (n.d.)
Novouralsk Verkh-Neivinsky massif ⓘ East Shishim river placer deposit	Мурзин et al. (2020)
Yekaterinburg ⓘ Uktus complex	9th International platinum symposium Chromite-PGE mineralization in the Uktus Alaskan-Type Complex (Central Urals,) +2 other references
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug ⓘ Centralnoye II deposit	Jan Pašava et al. (2011)

UK
Scotland Shetland Islands Unst ⓘ Harold's Grave Quarry	Badanina et al. (2016)

USA
Alaska Bethel Census Area Goodnews Bay Salmon River - Red Mountain District ⓘ Fox Gulch	Anthony et al. (1990)
Missouri Iron County ⓘ Annapolis	WALTER (2011)

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Tolovkite

About TolovkiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of TolovkiteHide

Classification of TolovkiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of TolovkiteHide

Optical Data of TolovkiteHide

Chemistry of TolovkiteHide

Crystallography of TolovkiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of TolovkiteHide

Synonyms of TolovkiteHide

Other Language Names for TolovkiteHide

Relationship of Tolovkite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for TolovkiteHide

References for TolovkiteHide

Localities for TolovkiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide