Vuorelainenite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Vuorelainenite, etc.

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite, etc.

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite, etc.

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Vuorelainenite

Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

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About VuorelaineniteHide

Yrjö Vuorelainen

Formula:

Mn²⁺V³⁺₂O₄

Lustre:

Sub-Metallic

Hardness:

6½

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Spinel Subgroup > Oxyspinel Group > Spinel Supergroup

Name:

Named by M.A. Zakrzewski, Ernst A.J. Burke, and W.J. Lustenhouwer in 1982 in honour of Yrjö Vuorelainen (8 January 1922 - 2 July 1988), a Finnish exploration geologist who worked for the Outokumpo Company, Finland. He found the new mineral, but it was not properly described until found at a second occurrence.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Manganochromite-Vuorelainenite Series.
The Mn²⁺ analogue of coulsonite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

4217

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:4217:4

IMA Classification of VuorelaineniteHide

IMA status:

Approved

Approval year:

1980

First published:

1963

Classification of VuorelaineniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

4.BB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations

Dana 8th ed.:

7.2.4.1

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB₂X₄

Hey's CIM Ref.:

7.12.21

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Vuo	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of VuorelaineniteHide

Lustre:

Sub-Metallic

Hardness:

6½ on Mohs scale

Chemistry of VuorelaineniteHide

Mindat Formula:

Mn²⁺V³⁺₂O₄

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
V	46.139 %
O	28.982 %
Mn	24.879 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Mn, O, V - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of VuorelaineniteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral

Space Group:

Fd3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 8.48(5) Å

Unit Cell V:

609.80 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Comment:

Space group by analogy to spinel.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0019145	Vuorelainenite	Plumier R (1962) Magnetisme - Etude par diffraction des neutrons du compose spinelle MnV2O4 Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences 255 2244-2246		1962	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Vuorelainenite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Plumier R'
_journal_name_full 'Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences'
_journal_volume 255 
_journal_year 1962
_journal_page_first 2244
_journal_page_last 2246
_publ_section_title
;
 Magnetisme - Etude par diffraction des neutrons du compose spinelle MnV2O4
;
_database_code_amcsd 0019145
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Mn V2 O4'
_cell_length_a 8.52
_cell_length_b 8.52
_cell_length_c 8.52
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 618.470
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      4.743
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'F d 3 m'
loop_
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  '3/4-x,1/4-z,3/4-y'
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  '1/4+y,3/4+z,3/4-x'
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  'z,1/2-x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,-x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,1/2-x,-y'
  '1/4-y,3/4+z,3/4+x'
  '1/4-y,1/4+z,1/4+x'
  '3/4-y,3/4+z,1/4+x'
  '3/4-y,1/4+z,3/4+x'
  'x,-y,-z'
  'x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,-y,1/2-z'
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  '1/2+y,z,1/2+x'
  '1/2+y,1/2+z,x'
  '1/4-x,1/4-y,1/4-z'
  '1/4-x,3/4-y,3/4-z'
  '3/4-x,1/4-y,3/4-z'
  '3/4-x,3/4-y,1/4-z'
  'z,x,y'
  'z,1/2+x,1/2+y'
  '1/2+z,x,1/2+y'
  '1/2+z,1/2+x,y'
  '1/4-y,1/4-z,1/4-x'
  '1/4-y,3/4-z,3/4-x'
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  '3/4-y,3/4-z,1/4-x'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Mn   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000
V   0.62500   0.62500   0.62500
O   0.38830   0.38830   0.38830

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.90 Å	(2)
2.985 Å	(4)
2.559 Å	(10)
2.442 Å	(2)
2.118 Å	(3)
1.633 Å	(8)
1.502 Å	(8)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics	<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)

Type Occurrence of VuorelaineniteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Sätra Mine, Doverstorp ore field, Finspång, Östergötland County, Sweden

Synonyms of VuorelaineniteHide

IMA1980-048

Other Language Names for VuorelaineniteHide

Dutch:Vuorelaineniet

German:Vuorelainenit

Russian:Вуорелайненит

Simplified Chinese:沃钒锰矿

Spanish:Vuorelainenita

Traditional Chinese:沃釩錳礦

Relationship of Vuorelainenite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Spinel Subgroup > Oxyspinel Group > Spinel Supergroup

Other Members of Spinel Subgroup:

Chihmingite	NiAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Cochromite	CoCr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Coulsonite	Fe²⁺V³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Cuprospinel	Cu²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Dellagiustaite	V²⁺Al₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Deltalumite	(Al_0.67◻_0.33)Al₂O₄	Tet. 42m : P4m2
Franklinite	Zn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Galaxite	Mn²⁺Al₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Guite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂O₄	Iso.
Hausmannite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂O₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
Hercynite	Fe²⁺Al₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Hetaerolite	ZnMn₂O₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
'Jacobsite-Q'	Mn²⁺(Fe³⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
Maghemite	(Fe³⁺_0.67◻_0.33)Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. 432 : P4₁32
Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Magnesiocoulsonite	MgV₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
Magnesioferrite	MgFe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Manganochromite	Mn²⁺Cr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
'Nichromite'	(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Thermaerogenite	CuAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Titanomaghemite	(Ti⁴⁺_0.5◻_0.5)Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. 432 : P4₃32
Trevorite	Ni²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
'UM1994-06-O:AlCo'	CoAl₂O₄
Zincochromite	ZnCr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m

Forms a series with:

Manganochromite

Manganochromite-Vuorelainenite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

2 photos of Vuorelainenite associated with Momoiite	Mn²⁺₃V³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
1 photo of Vuorelainenite associated with Pyrite	FeS₂
1 photo of Vuorelainenite associated with Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

4.BB.	Chenmingite	FeCr₂O₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.	Thermaerogenite	CuAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.	Chukochenite	LiAl₅O₈	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
4.BB.	Elgoresyite	(Mg₅Si₂)O₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.BB.	Jianmuite	ZrTi⁴⁺Ti³⁺₅Al₃O₁₆	Tet. 4 : I4
4.BB.	Dellagiustaite	V²⁺Al₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.	Garpenbergite	Mn₆◻AsSbO₁₀(OH)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.	Magnéliite	Ti³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺₂O₇	Tric. 1 : P1
4.BB.05	Qandilite	(Mg,Fe³⁺)₂(Ti,Fe³⁺,Al)O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Filipstadite	(Fe³⁺_0.5Sb⁵⁺_0.5)Mn₂O₄	Iso.
4.BB.05	Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Wernerkrauseite	Ca(Fe³⁺,Mn³⁺)₂Mn⁴⁺O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.05	Harmunite	CaFe₂O₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcm
4.BB.05	Zincochromite	ZnCr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Deltalumite	(Al_0.67◻_0.33)Al₂O₄	Tet. 42m : P4m2
4.BB.05	Franklinite	Zn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Cochromite	CoCr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	'Nichromite'	(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Hercynite	Fe²⁺Al₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Galaxite	Mn²⁺Al₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Guite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂O₄	Iso.
4.BB.05	Coulsonite	Fe²⁺V³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Cuprospinel	Cu²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Manganochromite	Mn²⁺Cr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Magnesiocoulsonite	MgV₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.BB.05	Trevorite	Ni²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Magnesioferrite	MgFe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05	Ulvöspinel	TiFe²⁺₂O₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.10	Hausmannite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂O₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
4.BB.10	Hetaerolite	ZnMn₂O₄	Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4₁/amd
4.BB.10	Manganostibite	(Mn,Fe)₇SbAsO₁₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.15	Titanomaghemite	(Ti⁴⁺_0.5◻_0.5)Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. 432 : P4₃32
4.BB.15	Maghemite	(Fe³⁺_0.67◻_0.33)Fe³⁺₂O₄	Iso. 432 : P4₁32
4.BB.20	Tegengrenite	(Mn³⁺_0.5Sb⁵⁺_0.5)Mg₂O₄	Trig. 3 : R3
4.BB.25	Xieite	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.30	Carmeltazite	ZrAl₂Ti₄O₁₁	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.35	Feiite	Fe²⁺₂(Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺)O₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.BB.40	Maohokite	MgFe₂O₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.45	Tschaunerite	(Fe²⁺)(Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺)O₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for VuorelaineniteHide

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References for VuorelaineniteHide

Reference List:

Plumier, R. (1962) Magnétisme - Étude par diffraction des neutrons du composé spinelle MnV2O4. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences: 255: 2244-2246.

Long, J. V. P., Vuorelainen, Yrjö, Kouvo, Olavi (1963) Karelianite, a new vanadium mineral. American Mineralogist, 48 (1-2) 33-41

Reuter, B., Riedel, E., Buxbaum, G. (1969) Über Oxidsysteme mit Übergangsmetallionen in verschiedenen Oxydationsstufen. VII. Das System Mn(Ni_xV_2−x)O₄. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 367 (3-4). 113-118 doi:10.1002/zaac.19693670302

Zakrzewski, M. A., Burke, E. A. J., Lustenhouwer, W. J. (1982) Vuorelainenite, a new spinel, and associated minerals from the Satra (Doverstorp) pyrite deposit, central Sweden. The Canadian Mineralogist, 20 (2) 281-290

Dunn, Pete J., Fleischer, Michael, Burns, Roger G., Pabst, Adolf (1983) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 68 (3-4) 471-475

(2005) Vuorelainenite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for VuorelaineniteHide

Showing 11 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Finland
North Karelia ⓘ Outokumpu mining district	Long +1 other reference
North Ostrobothnia Raahe ⓘ Vihanti deposit (Lampinsaari deposit; Isoaho deposit)	Sergeeva et al. (2011, February)

France
Occitanie Hautes-Pyrénées ⓘ Aure Valley	De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)
Nabias ⓘ Plan de Labasse	Brugger et al. (1999)
Bagnères-de-Bigorre Vielle-Aure ⓘ Coustou Mine	De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)

Japan
Ehime Prefecture Saijo City ⓘ Kurase mine	Tanaka et al. (2010)
Saitama Prefecture Hanno City ⓘ Komatsu mine	Yamada et al (2000)

Russia
Irkutsk Oblast ⓘ Ol'khonskiye Vorota Strait (Olkhon Gate)	Mandarino (1996)
Murmansk Oblast ⓘ Kaskasnyunchorr Mountain	Mikhailova et al. (2007)

Spain
Canary Islands Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province Tenerife Candelaria Barranco Hondo ⓘ ~~Lava flow~~	Dill et al. (2023)

Sweden (TL)
Östergötland County Finspång Doverstorp ore field ⓘ Sätra Mine (TL)	Zakrzewski et al. (1982)

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Vuorelainenite

About VuorelaineniteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of VuorelaineniteHide

Classification of VuorelaineniteHide

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Physical Properties of VuorelaineniteHide

Chemistry of VuorelaineniteHide

Crystallography of VuorelaineniteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of VuorelaineniteHide

Synonyms of VuorelaineniteHide

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Relationship of Vuorelainenite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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Localities for VuorelaineniteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide