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Canutite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Canutite
Formula:
NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2
Colour:
Reddish brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
4.112 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
In honour of Claudio Canut de Bon Urrutia (born in 1937), Chilean mining engineer and Senior Professor of Geology and Mineralogy at La Serena University for 30 years.
Isostructural with:
The Mn3 analogue of magnesiocanutite. Isostructural with protonated members of the alluaudite group.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
45345
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:45345:7
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Canutite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Na◻Mn2+Mn2+2(As5+O4)[As5+O3(OH)]2
Approval year:
2013
First published:
2014
Type description reference:
Kampf, Anthony R., Mills, Stuart J., Hatert, F., Nash, Barbara P., Dini, M., Molina Donoso, A. A. (2014) Canutite, NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2, a new protonated alluaudite-group mineral from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 787-795 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.02
Classification of Canutite
8.00.
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
0 :
0 :
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
0 :
0 :
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Can | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Canutite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Reddish brown
Streak:
Pale tan
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010} and {101}.
On {010} and {101}.
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
4.112 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Canutite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.712(3) nβ = 1.725(3) nγ = 1.756(3)
2V:
Measured: 65.6° (4)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.044
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r < v (slight)
Comments:
Imperceptible
Chemistry of Canutite
Mindat Formula:
NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Canutite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Setting:
C2/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.3282(4) Å, b = 12.6039(5) Å, c = 6.8814(5) Å
β = 113.480(8)°
β = 113.480(8)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.978 : 1 : 0.546
Unit Cell V:
980.72 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prisms elongated on [201İ] and exhibiting the forms {010}, {100}, {102}, {201} and {102İ}, or as tablets flattened on {102} and exhibiting the forms {102} and {110}.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0020473 | Canutite | Kampf A R, Mils S J, Hatert F, Nash B P, Dini M, Molina Donoso A A (2014) Canutite, NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2, a new protonated alluaudite-group mineral from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile Mineralogical Magazine 78 787-795 | 2014 | Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.34 Å | (36) |
| 3.296 Å | (68) |
| 3.151 Å | (41) |
| 2.818 Å | (52) |
| 2.750 Å | (100) |
| 2.653 Å | (36) |
| 1.697 Å | (44) |
| 1.511 Å | (49) |
Reference:
Kampf, Anthony R., Mills, Stuart J., Hatert, F., Nash, Barbara P., Dini, M., Molina Donoso, A. A. (2014) Canutite, NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2, a new protonated alluaudite-group mineral from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 787-795 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.02
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 46 : Near-surface hydrothermal alteration of minerals (see also #22) |
Type Occurrence of Canutite
General Appearance of Type Material:
As a secondary alteration phase.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Two cotype specimens are deposited in the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA, under catalogue numbers 64065 (from upper pit) and 64098 (from near shaft).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidation of native As and other As-bearing primary phases, followed by later alteration by saline fluids derived from evaporating meteoric water under hyperarid conditions
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Kampf, Anthony R., Mills, Stuart J., Hatert, F., Nash, Barbara P., Dini, M., Molina Donoso, A. A. (2014) Canutite, NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2, a new protonated alluaudite-group mineral from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 787-795 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.02
Synonyms of Canutite
Other Language Names for Canutite
Relationship of Canutite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Alluaudite Group:
| Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 'Alluaudite-Ca[]' | ◻4Ca4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 'Alluaudite-Na[]' | ◻4Na4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Arseniopleite | NaCaMnMn2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m |
| Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Bradaczekite | NaCu4(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Calciohatertite | NaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Camanchacaite | NaCaMg2[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Caryinite | (Na,Pb)(Ca,Na)CaMn2+2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m |
| Erikapohlite | Cu3(Zn,Cu,Mg)4Ca2(AsO4)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Ferroalluaudite | (Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 'Ferroalluaudite-NaNa' | Na4Na4Fe2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 'Ferrohagendorfite' | NaCaFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 | Mon. |
| Groatite | NaCaMn2(PO4)[PO3(OH)]2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Hagendorfite | NaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 'Hagendorfite-NaNa' | NaNaFe2+(Mn2+,Mn3+)(PO4)3 (?) | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Hatertite | Na2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Johillerite | Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Keyite | Cu2+3Zn4Cd2(AsO4)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Khrenovite | Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Maghagendorfite | (Na,◻)MgMn2+(Fe2+,Fe3+)2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m |
| Magnesiocanutite | NaMnMg2[AsO4]2[AsO2(OH)2] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Magnesiohatertite | (Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Nickenichite | Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| O'Danielite | Na(Zn,Mg)3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Paraberzeliite | NaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 'Unnamed (Mn-analogue of Alluaudite)' | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Mn3+,Fe3+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3 | |
| 'Unnamed (Na-Mg Arsenate Hydroxyarsenate)' | NaMg3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 'Unnamed (Na-Zn-H Arsenate Hydroxyarsenate)' | Na(Na0.6Zn0.4)Zn2(H0.6AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Varulite | NaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Yazganite | NaFe3+2(Mg,Mn2+)(AsO4)3 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Zhanghuifenite | Na3Mn4Mg2Al(PO4)6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/c |
| Zincobradaczekite | NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 16 photos of Canutite associated with Magnesiokoritnigite | Mg(AsO3OH) · H2O |
| 11 photos of Canutite associated with Lavendulan | NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O |
| 4 photos of Canutite associated with Halite | NaCl |
| 2 photos of Canutite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Canutite associated with Torrecillasite | Na(As,Sb)3+4O6Cl |
| 1 photo of Canutite associated with Juansilvaite | Na5Al3[AsO3(OH)]4[AsO2(OH)2]2(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 1 photo of Canutite associated with Native Sulphur | S8 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.00. | Metauramphite | (NH4)2(UO2)2(PO4)2.6H2O |
| 8.00. | Strontiohurlbutite | SrBe2(PO4)2 |
| 8.00. | Chongite | Ca3Mg2(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.00. | Grandaite | Sr2Al(AsO4)2(OH) |
| 8.00. | 'UM1997-10-AsO:CaV' | Ca(VO)2(AsO4)2.4H2O |
| 8.00.05 | 'Leobenite' | Hydrated Ca-Fe phosphate |
Other Information
Notes:
Slowly soluble in cold, dilute HCl
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Canutite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-45345.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Canutite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No 18. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (8) 3249-3258 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.8.15
Kampf, Anthony R., Mills, Stuart J., Hatert, F., Nash, Barbara P., Dini, M., Molina Donoso, A. A. (2014) Canutite, NaMn3[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2, a new protonated alluaudite-group mineral from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 787-795 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.02
Localities for Canutite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
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Torrecillas mine, Iquique, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chile