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Heulandite-K
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Heulandite-K
Formula:
(K,Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Colour:
White, Colorless, Red, Yellow, Brown, Green
Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1822 by Henry James Brooke in honor of Johann Heinrich "John Henry" Heuland [March 21, 1778 Beyreuth, Germany - November 16, 1856 Hastings, Sussex, England, UK], a mineral collector and mineral dealer living in England and for the suffix indicating dominant K.
Despite having an international reputation, there are no known images of Henry Heuland.
Despite having an international reputation, there are no known images of Henry Heuland.
The potassium analogue of Heulandite-Ba, Heulandite-Ca, Heulandite-Na, and Heulandite-Sr.
Clinoptilolite-K-Heulandite-K Series.
Clinoptilolite-K-Heulandite-K Series.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
6989
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:6989:8
Similar Names
| Heulandite | A synonym of Heulandite Subgroup | |
| Heulandite-Ca | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O |
IMA Classification of Heulandite-K
Classification of Heulandite-K
9.GE.05
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
E : Chains of T10O20 Tetrahedra
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
E : Chains of T10O20 Tetrahedra
Dana 7th ed.:
77.1.4.1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hul-K | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Hul | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Hul | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Hul | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Hul | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
| Hul | Warr (2020) | Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30 |
Pronunciation of Heulandite-K
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Heulandite-K
Vitreous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
White, Colorless, Red, Yellow, Brown, Green
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
perfect on the {010}
perfect on the {010}
Optical Data of Heulandite-K
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.476 - 1.506 nβ = 1.479 - 1.51 nγ = 1.479 - 1.517
2V:
Measured: 10° to 48°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.003 - 0.011
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v
Chemistry of Heulandite-K
Mindat Formula:
(K,Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Heulandite-K
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 17.636 Å, b = 17.934 Å, c = 7.397 Å
β = 116.0°
β = 116.0°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.983 : 1 : 0.412
Unit Cell V:
2,102.78 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
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Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0013885 | Heulandite-K | Yang P, Armbruster T (1996) Na, K, Rb and Cs exchange in heulandite single-crystals: X-ray structure refinements at 100 K Journal of Solid State Chemistry 123 140-149 | 1996 | Nasik, India | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals | |
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| 24 : Authigenic minerals in terrestrial sediments (see also #17) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 48 : Soil leaching zone minerals | <0.6 |
Type Occurrence of Heulandite-K
Other Language Names for Heulandite-K
Relationship of Heulandite-K to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Heulandite Subgroup:
| Heulandite-Ba | (Ba,Ca,K)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Heulandite-Ca | (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Heulandite-Na | (Na,Ca,K)6(Si,Al)36O72 · 22H2O | Mon. m : Bm |
| Heulandite-Sr | (Sr,Na,Ca)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 24H2O | Mon. m : Bm |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 12 photos of Heulandite-K associated with Heulandite-Ca | (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O |
| 8 photos of Heulandite-K associated with Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| 6 photos of Heulandite-K associated with Harmotome | Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O |
| 4 photos of Heulandite-K associated with Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Heulandite-K associated with Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| 2 photos of Heulandite-K associated with Schorl | NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| 1 photo of Heulandite-K associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 1 photo of Heulandite-K associated with Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O |
| 1 photo of Heulandite-K associated with 'Chalcedony' | SiO2 |
| 1 photo of Heulandite-K associated with Apophyllite Group | AB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.GE.05 | Heulandite-Ca | (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O |
| 9.GE.05 | Heulandite-Na | (Na,Ca,K)6(Si,Al)36O72 · 22H2O |
| 9.GE.05 | Heulandite-Sr | (Sr,Na,Ca)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 24H2O |
| 9.GE.05 | Heulandite-Ba | (Ba,Ca,K)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 22H2O |
| 9.GE.05 | Clinoptilolite-Ca | Ca3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O |
| 9.GE.05 | Clinoptilolite-K | K6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O |
| 9.GE.05 | Clinoptilolite-Na | Na6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O |
| 9.GE.10 | Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| 9.GE.10 | Stilbite-Na | Na9(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| 9.GE.15 | Barrerite | Na2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O |
| 9.GE.15 | Stellerite | Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O |
| 9.GE.20 | Brewsterite-Ba | Ba(Al2Si6)O16 · 5H2O |
| 9.GE.20 | Brewsterite-Sr | Sr(Al2Si6)O16 · 5H2O |
Radioactivity
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Heulandite-K
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-6989.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Heulandite-K
Reference List:
Merkle, A. B., Slaughter, M. (1968) Determination and refinement of the structure of heulandite. American Mineralogist, 53 (7-8) 1120-1138
Alberti, A. (1972) On the crystal structure of the zeolite heulandite. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 18 (2). 129-146 doi:10.1007/bf01081798
Coombs, Douglas S., Alberti, Alberto, Armbruster, Thomas, Artioli, Gilberto, Colella, Carmine, Galli, Ermanno, Grice, Joel D., Liebau, Friedrich, Mandarino, Joseph A., Minato, Hideo, et al. (1997) Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals; report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. The Canadian Mineralogist, 35 (6). 1571-1606
Localities for Heulandite-K
Showing 34 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Knobloch et al. (2021) |
| |
Canada | |
| Pe-Piper (2000) |
Czech Republic | |
| PAULIŠ et al. (2022) |
France | |
| Lebocey et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| AMI UK Service |
| Ferretti P. et al. (2013) |
| Boscardin et al. (2011) |
| M. Boscardin (2002) |
| Carbonin et al. (2003) |
| Boscardin et al. (2011) | |
| Passaglia (1969) +5 other references |
| Boscardin et al. (2011) |
| Carbonin et al. (2003) +1 other reference | |
| Della Costa (2014) +1 other reference |
| Carbonin et al. (2003) +3 other references | |
| Boscardin et al. (1998) |
Norway | |
| Nordrum et al. (2005) |
| Nordrum et al. (2003) |
| Stensrud (2004) +1 other reference |
| Nordrum et al. (2003) |
| Nordrum et al. (2005) |
| Nordrum et al. (2005) | |
| Nordrum et al. (2005) | |
| Nordrum et al. (2005) |
| Larsen (2002) +1 other reference |
| Nordrum et al. (2006) +1 other reference | |
| Nordrum et al. (2006) |
Russia | |
| Pekov et al. (2004) |
| Pekov (2000) |
| Pekov (2000) |
UK | |
| J. Russell Socierty 2006 |
USA | |
| AM61_853 |
| Gladwell ( ) +3 other references |
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Mechanics Valley Quarry, Cecil County, Maryland, USA