China's 2035 climate pledge

On 3 November 2025, China submitted its nationally determined contribution (NDC) towards 2035 under the Paris Agreement. It is the first time that China has committed to absolute greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions. Having been classified as a non-Annex I Party in 1992, along with other developing countries, China has a lower climate action obligation under the UN climate change convention. However, China's economic development since then has increased not only its prosperity but also its share of global emissions, from 9 % in 1990 to 27 % in 2024, making it a vital player in the fight against climate change. This infographic supplements a recent EPRS briefing on new NDCs.