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Ta nota tematyczna wyjaśnia unijne przepisy dotyczące leków i wyrobów medycznych, a także solidne ramy prawne, które służą ochronie zdrowia publicznego i gwarantują bezpieczeństwo tych produktów. Dotyczy ona kluczowych kwestii w tej dziedzinie, w tym dostaw leków, walki z opornością na środki przeciwdrobnoustrojowe, etycznego prowadzenia badań klinicznych, a także wyzwań takich jak pandemia COVID-19 czy różne wydarzenia geopolityczne.

W tej nocie tematycznej przedstawiamy cele unijnej polityki zdrowia publicznego oraz kontekst jej ewolucji. Prezentujemy też główne osiągnięcia UE w promowaniu zdrowia i zapobieganiu chorobom, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nowotworów i budowania odporności na choroby zakaźne i transgraniczne zagrożenia zdrowia. Poświęcamy uwagę wyzwaniom w zakresie zdrowia publicznego związane ze zmianami demograficznymi i potrzebie zapewnienia dostępu do leków o krytycznym znaczeniu. Prezentujemy też najnowsze zmiany ...

The public policy ideal should be to provide high-quality healthcare to all EU citizens and residents in each Member State, also through cross-border cooperation, that, in turn, incentivises improvements in national healthcare systems. Difficulties in accessing cross-border healthcare become apparent when the coordination of public healthcare systems intersects with the free movement of market (private) healthcare services and goods. Inter alia, this paper presents the current challenges and possible ...

This study examines the health effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), trends in exposure, and the effectiveness of EU legal and policy frameworks. It draws on an umbrella review of 198 systematic reviews, quantitative analysis of exposure trends, stakeholder interviews, and comparative case studies across EU Member States. The study shows consistent health effects of PM2.5 exposure across multiple disease categories and identifies persistent inequalities in exposure across populations ...

This infographic presents the key facts and policy challenges surrounding childhood cancer, a rare but highly impactful disease that remains the leading disease-related cause of death beyond infancy in Europe. The infographic underlines that children are not small adults, but rather require specific approaches to diagnosis, treatment, research, rehabilitation, and long-term survivorship care. It also highlights the persistent inequalities in access to specialised paediatric oncology services across ...

Ta nota tematyczna wyjaśnia działania Unii Europejskiej, które mają na celu ograniczenie zanieczyszczenia powietrza i hałasu oraz ochronę zdrowia ludzkiego i środowiska. Dokument ten przedstawia główne źródła i skutki zanieczyszczeń, unijne cele w zakresie eliminacji zanieczyszczeń oraz kluczowe przepisy regulujące emisje z przemysłu, transportu i innych sektorów. Podkreślono w nim również poczynione postępy oraz wyzwania, które wciąż stoją przed nami w zakresie poprawy jakości powietrza i zmniejszania ...

This briefing provides a legal analysis and critical assessment of the genetically modified micro-organisms (GMM) component of the Commission proposal for a Directive amending Directives 2001/18/EC and 2010/53/EU as regards the placing on the market of genetically modified micro-organisms and the processing of organs. This proposal was presented in December 2025 and accompanies the European Biotech Act. The briefing presents and analyses the proposed GMM-related amendments, situates the proposal ...

New and emerging plant pests can undermine EU food security and farm/forestry incomes through yield losses, trade disruption and costly control measures, while also causing major environmental impacts through biodiversity loss, landscape change and increased pressure to use pesticides. Using a comprehensive foresight methodology, this study examines how global trade and tourism, climate change and agricultural systems contribute to the introduction and spread of new and emerging plant pests, assesses ...

Youth mental ill-health in the EU-27 is high, rising and increasingly associated with digital environments. This study shows how persuasive platform design, harmful content and emerging AI-mediated interactions amplify offline vulnerabilities in the context of under-resourced, fragmented services and a large 'missing middle' between schools and specialist care. Using seven country case studies and an EU-27 cost model, it estimates that youth mental ill-health will cost about €1.68 trillion over 2024 ...

The European Biotech Act I, proposed in December 2025, is the EU’s first standalone legislation regulating health biotechnology across its full lifecycle, from research to market placement. This briefing sets the Act’s scope and rationale against the sector’s economic weight and the widening global competitiveness gap. It maps the scope and regulatory landscape and places it in its competitiveness context. The briefing also profiles leading biotech hubs across Member States and identifies structural ...