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Located in south-east Asia, Thailand is a constitutional monarchy with a long history of instability, alternating between military rule and unstable civilian governments. The Constitutional Court's decisions have often had an impact on Thai politics. King Vajiralongkorn (crowned as Rama X in May 2019) has been the king of Thailand since December 2016. Anutin Charnvirakul has been the Prime Minister since September 2025. The bicameral National Assembly consists of an elected 500-member House of Representatives ...

Transgraniczne uprowadzenie dziecka przez jednego z rodziców w UE reguluje Konwencja haska z 1980 r. dotycząca cywilnych aspektów uprowadzenia dziecka za granicę oraz, z wyjątkiem Danii, rozporządzenie Bruksela II ter. Państwa nienależące do UE mogą być stronami konwencji, ale nie są związane rozporządzeniem Bruksela II ter. Badania wykazały, że osoby, które padły ofiarą uprowadzenia, mogą odczuwać jego wpływ – często negatywny i długotrwały – przez całe życie. Skutki uprowadzenia mogą utrzymywać ...

The 13 overseas countries and territories (OCTs) of the European Union (EU) are islands associated with the EU and constitutionally linked to Denmark (Greenland), France (6 OCTs), and the Netherlands (6 OCTs), on which they depend to varying degrees as non-sovereign countries or territories. OCTs have been associated with the EU since the entry into force in 1958 of the Treaty of Rome. This association is enshrined in Articles 198 to 204 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the EU (TFEU). Its key ...

In the context of the wars in Ukraine and other parts of the world, the increasingly global effects – material and political – of war make it more important than ever to measure the level of threats to peace, security and democracy around the world. The Normandy Index has presented an annual measurement of these threats since the 2019 Normandy Peace Forum. The results of the 2025 exercise suggest the level of threats to peace is at its highest since the index was launched, confirming declining trends ...

Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) is a multiethnic country located in south-east Asia. The complexity of its ethnic composition has been one of the root causes of Myanmar's long-running unrest, long periods of military rule, and much shorter periods of democracy. The last coup occurred in February 2021, when the military alleged widespread electoral fraud in the November 2020 general elections, seized power, declared the elections invalid and arrested the de facto leader of the country, Sakharov ...

Located in south-east Asia, Indonesia is the world's fourth biggest country by population, but only 33rd among EU (European Union) trading partners, well behind even other countries in the region. Data on trade in services and on foreign direct investment (FDI) also point to untapped potential between the EU and the fifth biggest Asian economy. After almost a decade of negotiations, in September 2025 the EU and Indonesia announced the conclusion of negotiations for a Comprehensive Economic Partnership ...

This infographic provides insight into the economic performance of China compared with the European Union (EU) and examines the trade dynamics between them. In 2024, China's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate was recorded at 5%, while the EU experienced a growth rate of 1.1%. Chinese inflation rates remain stable at 0.2%. The exchange rate of the renminbi-yuan continues to rise, reaching 7.8 units per euro in 2024. Trade in goods and services between the EU and China has remained relatively ...

A series of recent economic and geopolitical shocks have led to rising fragmentation of global trade, whereby countries tend to boost economic ties with those sharing similar political values, economic policies and security interests. While a broad retreat from globalisation is not taking place, there are some signs of reconfiguration of supply chains along geopolitical lines. This is likely to have pronounced effects for EU economy due to its openness and high level of integration into global value ...

Stosunki UE z regionem Pacyfiku mają wymiar polityczny, gospodarczy i rozwojowy. UE jest drugim co do wielkości partnerem handlowym regionu Pacyfiku. Australia i Nowa Zelandia są partnerami UE, którzy mają zbieżne poglądy, stoją przed wspólnymi wyzwaniami geostrategicznymi oraz promują multilateralizm i globalny ład oparty na zasadach. W czerwcu 2018 r. rozpoczęto negocjacje w sprawie kompleksowej umowy o wolnym handlu między UE a Australią. W kwietniu 2023 r. odbyła się piętnasta runda tych negocjacji ...

On 3 November 2025, China submitted its nationally determined contribution (NDC) towards 2035 under the Paris Agreement. It is the first time that China has committed to absolute greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions. Having been classified as a non-Annex I Party in 1992, along with other developing countries, China has a lower climate action obligation under the UN climate change convention. However, China's economic development since then has increased not only its prosperity but also its share ...